What is another term for rectangular basins used in wastewater treatment?

The term "clarifiers" refers specifically to rectangular basins used in wastewater treatment processes to separate suspended solids from liquids. These basins facilitate sedimentation, allowing solids to settle at the bottom while the clearer liquid is drawn off the top. This process is crucial for reducing the load on subsequent treatment stages and improving the overall treatment efficiency. Clarifiers are designed to enhance the rate at which solids settle through the water column, making them an integral component in primary and secondary treatment phases.

The other terms listed have distinct meanings that do not precisely align with the function of rectangular basins in wastewater treatment. For example, settling tanks generally refer to any type of tank used for sedimentation but may not be rectangular. Retention basins typically serve to manage stormwater and prevent flooding by holding water temporarily. Filtration basins focus on the removal of contaminants from water through filter media rather than relying on sedimentation. Thus, "clarifiers" is the most accurate term for rectangular basins in the context of wastewater treatment.