What is primarily removed by adsorption technique during wastewater treatment?

In wastewater treatment, the adsorption technique primarily targets the removal of specific compounds from the water. This method involves the adherence of contaminants to the surface of an adsorbent material, effectively trapping pollutants like organic compounds, heavy metals, and other dissolved substances. Activated carbon is a common adsorbent used in this process due to its high surface area and ability to attract and hold a variety of contaminants through physical and chemical interactions.

Adsorption is particularly effective for compounds that are present in low concentrations and may not be efficiently removed by other treatment methods, such as sedimentation or filtration. By focusing on specific compounds, adsorption enhances the overall removal of hazardous materials, improving water quality before it is discharged or reused. Therefore, this technique plays a vital role in removing pollutants that may not be captured effectively by other physical or biological processes employed in wastewater treatment.