What is the simplest type of bridge used to span the shortest distance?

The simplest type of bridge used to span the shortest distance is the beam bridge. Beam bridges consist of horizontal beams supported at each end, making them structurally straightforward and easy to construct. They typically rely on the vertical load being transferred directly down to the supports, minimizing the complexity of their design and materials.

Beam bridges are particularly effective for shorter spans due to their reliance on bending forces, which leads to a simpler construction process and less material being required compared to other types of bridges. This makes them an economical option for spanning short distances, such as small rivers or roadways.

In contrast, other bridge types, such as arch bridges, cantilever bridges, and suspension bridges, serve specific purposes that may offer advantages for longer spans or certain aesthetic preferences but involve more complex structural elements and design considerations. Therefore, while those bridges can be important in various applications, they are not the simplest or most efficient choice for short distances.