Which design method involves ensuring the stress does not exceed allowable limits?

The Allowable Strength Design method focuses on ensuring that the stress in structural elements does not exceed predetermined allowable limits. This approach is rooted in safety and serviceability concepts, emphasizing that the maximum stress induced during service conditions should remain below a calculated threshold, known as the allowable stress.

In this design methodology, engineers firstly determine the maximum loads that a structure might face during its lifetime, followed by calculating the stresses those loads would produce in structural components. The stresses are then compared with allowable stress values, which account for safety factors. If the calculated stress values fall within these allowable limits, the design is considered safe.

This approach is primarily utilized in steel and reinforced concrete design, where material properties and their limits are well defined. It is particularly useful for structures where ensuring that structural components do not experience excessive stress is critical for safety and performance during regular use.

In contrast, other methods, while they may also account for stress, serve different purposes. For example, Ultimate Limit State Design focuses on ensuring that the entire structure remains stable under extreme loading conditions, while Serviceability Design ensures that a structure meets the comfort and usability criteria for occupants, without necessarily addressing ultimate strength limits directly. Design by Analysis involves a more rigorous examination of stresses through analytical methods, rather